Beha tlhahiso ea platelet. Sebopeho le mosebetsi wa liplatelete

Lisele tse nyenyane ka ho fetisisa ea mali li-platelet. Ba shebahala joaloka kganna tsa nyutlelie-ntle ho tefo. bophara ba bona ho ka etsahala hore microns 4, le botenya - ho fihlela ho 0,75 microns. E mong le e litha e le nngwe ya batho mali platelet bophahamo ba modumo ke ho tloha 180 ho 350: x 10 ^9.

tsela ponahalo ea liplatelete

Liplatelete hlaha ka arohana ha cytoplasm ena. Di arohane ke e kholo ea lisele tsa lesapo moko - megakaryocytes. Ba, le eena, ke ka lebaka la endomitosis. Ka mor'a ho arohana le hlaha ka lipotoloho 3-5, e leng nakong eo chromosomes li imenne habeli, empa cytoplasm e sa aroloa. Ena litsebi thulaganyou e bitswang fella karohano.

Ho bohlokoa ho hlokomela hore sebaka sa sebopeho sa liplatelete - e khubelu lesapo moko. From ena ba tsoa 'me a kena maling. Empa karolo ea boraro ea bona hang-hang beha ka spleen ena. Sena ke ka lebaka la butle mokhatlo oa bona ka mose ho meandering lithapo spleen. Tse setseng 2/3 di e potoloha maling a karolelano ea matsatsi a supileng. Palo e kahodimodimo phela ka fihla matsatsi a 12.

Lipoleiti nucleation

Ho utloisisa kamoo ho na le lisele tse nyenyane ka ho fetisisa ea mali, ho ke ho hlokahala hore ho tseba se feela sebaka sa sebopeho platelet. Ho bohlokoa ho hlakisa tshebetso ya ho ntshetsopeleng bona. Kahoo, ho ke moholo-holo oa megakaryoblasts. Sena se seholo seleng e boholo ba tsona e 20 microns le tšereme mangole. E na le nucleotides. Megakaryoblasts fetoloa promegakaryocyte. Sebopeho sena ke le tsekamelo ea ho polimorfizu khubu, cytoplasm lijo-thollo-mahala hae, basophilic.

Mokhahlelo latelang ea ho hōla ke megakaryocyte. Sena ke le seleng e khōlō ka lesapo moko, e bophara ba tsona e tsoa ho microns 60 ho ea ho ea 120. Ke liboto batallang, e leng se ka nka foromo tloaelehang haholo. The cytoplasm e kholo ka ka boholo, ke inclusions granular ea pinki le pherese.

Mokhahlelo oa penultimate ke ponahalo ea megakaryocyte trombotsitogennogo. Ka mor'a hae se fumanoeng ka ho toba-platelet. Ba ba aroloa ho ba cytoplasm megakaryocyte. All ena e bang teng ka moko oa lesapo ke saeteng e ka sehloohong ea sebopeho platelet.

ho itšehla thajana lipoleiti

Trombotsitogennye megakaryocytes ka moko oa lesapo tse holim'a endothelial, bitsoa sinus. dithulaganyo bona cytoplasmic fete eona. Ba bang ba bona phunyeletse ka sinus lumen microns 1-2 le tsepame megakaryocyte endothelium. Ba tla sebeletsa e le ankora ea. dithulaganyo tse ling - ka nako e telele cytoplasmic theipi bolelele tluoa tabeng ea ho 120 microns. Ba feta ka lumen tsa sinus ena. Ba bitsoa prothrombocytes. E mong le e megakaryocyte e ka ba ho tloha 6 ho 8.

phokotso ea moo ea cytoplasm qala ka lumen sinus. Ka lebaka leo, ho ke ke e robehileng le e ho na le ke hoo e ka bang 1000 liplatelete motho. Ena sebopeho sebaka platelet ha esita le tšoarelle. Sena ke ka ntlha ya go ha e le hantle hore ka maling hape oa prothrombocytes. Ba fihla matšoafo microvasculature, ho na le ba lokolloa liplatelete feletseng. Ke ka lebaka leo ho na le ho feta ba bona ba ka methapong methapo ho feta ka methapo ngollana. Ho ka tsela e hlollang e le hore ba ka etsoa esita le ho tloha 7 ho ea ho 17% ya platelet le feta maling.

mefuta ea lisele

Litsebi khetholla liforomo tse 'maloa tsa lisele tse nyenyane ea mali. Ka thoko ka thōko-platelet le monyenyane. Bapisoa le diforomo ba hōlileng tsebong ba ile ba ba khetholloa ka boholo batlang e le kholo, sparse lehlohlojane le type genus gialomer. sebopeho bona litšusumetso matlafatsoa lesapo moko, e hangata bo amahanngoa le ho lahleheloa ha bohlokoa mali.

Ba fapana ka ponahalo le liplatelete khale. tlasa ya microscope setshwantsho re lumella hore re ho nahana hore ba na le mophethong moqotetsane, palo e khōlō ea vacuoles le granules. Ba fapana contour tsoeng, thata granulomerom hore ka lula le platelet kaofela. Ka tsela e feteletseng palo ea tsona e bontša hore ponahalo ea hlahala bolaeang.

Ka thoko, a hlaphoheloa mefuta e meng ea ho teneha. Ho otshnurovaniya tloha megakaryocytes hlaha ka tlōla thulaganyou e karohano. boteng ba bona tiisa hore ho mafu a ea mali. Hangata ba ne ba shebahala joang nyenyane kapa, lehlakoreng le leng, li-platelet le senatla mali a batho.

Ka tloaelo, ea mali e lokela ho ba ho feta 90% ya foromo ea hōlileng tsebong ea liplatelete. Ba na le sebopeho discoidal ka metshetshe bohale, granulomerom centrally lokisetsa, e leng e na le 5-20 granules azurophilic, lilac gialomerom.

dithulaganyo tsa bophelo

Hlaha ka moko oa lesapo, lisele tse siea sebaka se ka sehloohong sa sebopeho platelet. Ka tsela eo, tlhahiso ea bona e lekanyetsoa trombotsitopoetinami. Ba, le eena, a hlahella e seng feela ka moko oa lesapo, empa e boetse e le spleen le sebete. Litsebi hlwaya pedi trombotsitopoetinov sehlopha. Ba e ka ba nako e telele kapa khutšoanyane bohato. The pele ho tsona e khothalletsa le nonofo ya mmele e tletseng le khethollo ea ba megakaryocytes, 'me e qetellang ntlafatsa bokaholimo ba matsoele ea lipoleiti tsena tse nyenyane' me eketsa lebelo ho kenella ka hare tsa bona ka mali.

Liplatelete ba timetsoa, bao lifoto ka bonoa ka multiple eketseha, ka karolelano, ka tshebetso beke. Tšebetso ena e etsahala haholo-holo ka moko oa lesapo, empa hape bola lisele tse tsena mali ka spleen le sebete. timetso e etsahala tsamaiso ea lisele tse khethehileng e bitsoang macrophages.

sebopeho ea litlaleho

E mong le e platelet ea hōlileng tsebong ka arotsoe likarolo tse tharo. Karolo e pheriferale ke tse tharo-lera lera. E na le receptors bakeng collagen, serotonin, thrombin, epinephrine, ADP. Ka karolo e ka ntle ea lera ke khethehileng amorphous lera e entsoeng ka lintlha ba ikarabellang bakeng sa ho hoama ya lero la mali mali.

lera bohareng ke Sol-gel. Ho na le metjha e khethehileng le phihlelo bokantle ba lera la. Hape microfilaments lera kenyelletsa ditokiseletso qoso ea lipoleiti disk hare. The thepa ea karolo ena ea platelet le itšetlehile ka hore na e tla ba hula mantsoe a clot mali.

Hape thōko organelles oa libaka. E na le glycogen le Alpha-granules, 'mele le letšo-letšo, ho mitochondria.

mesebetsi

Ithute ho hlaha o ile a hlalosa likarolo tse nyenyane tsa mali, ba bangata ba qala ho ipotsa hore na e etsa hore li-platelet. Di reretsoe ho ba le seabo hemostasis, thusa ho lokisa senyehile methapo ea mali. Ena e entsoe leboha khoneha ho taba ea hore ba ka khomaretse marako senyehile 'me a tsosolosa bona. Hape, lisele tsena lia hlokahala ho thibela tsoa mali le khumo mathomo maro a likokoana-hloko ho tloha maling.

E fana ka phetha o ile a re platelet mesebetsi thepa: mamarello le aggregation. Kahoo ba bitsa le matla a ho ho khomaretse subendothelium le hore ba khomarele 'moho.